Appendix B — References
Adolph, S. C. 1987. “Physiological and Behavioral Ecology of the
Lizards Sceloporus Occidentalis and
Sceloporus Graciosus.” PhD thesis,
University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
———. 1990. “Influence of Behavioral Thermoregulation on
Microhabitat Use by Two Sceloporus
Lizards.” Ecology 71: 315–27.
Allais, G., M. Romoli, S. Rolando, G. Airola, I. Castagnoli Gabellari,
R. Allais, and C. Benedetto. 2011. “Ear Acupuncture in the
Treatment of Migraine Attacks: A Randomized Trial on the Efficacy of
Appropriate Versus Inappropriate Acupoints.” Neurological
Sciences 32 (1): 173–75. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-011-0525-4.
Allison, T., and D. V. Cicchetti. 1975. “Sleep in Mammals:
Ecological and Constitutional Correlates.” Arch.
Hydrobiol 75: 442. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.982039.
American Council on Education. 2008. “College-Bound Students’
Interests in Study Abroad and Other International Learning
Activities.” http://www.openintro.org/redirect.php?go=textbook-Interests_in_Study_Abroad_2008.
Anturane Reinfarction Trial Research Group. 1980. “Sulfinpyrazone
in the Prevention of Sudden Death After Myocardial Infarction.”
New England Journal of Medicine 302 (5): 250–56. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM198001313020502.
Asbury, D. A., and S. C. Adolph. 2007. “Behavioral Plasticity in
an Ecological Generalist: Microhabitat Use by Western Fence
Lizards.” Evolutionary Ecology Research 9: 801–15.
Audera, C., R. V. Patulny, Sander B. H, and R. M. Douglas. 2001.
“Mega-Dose Vitamin c in Treatment of the Common Cold: A Randomised
Controlled Trial.” Medical Journal of Australia 175 (7):
359–62. http://www.openintro.org/redirect.php?go=textbook-vitamin_C_cold_treatment_2001.
Backstrom, L. 2011. “Anatomy of Facebook.” Facebook
Data Team’s Notes. http://www.openintro.org/redirect.php?go=textbook-anatomy-of-facebook.
Benson, J. B. 1993. “Season of Birth and Onset of Locomotion:
Theoretical and Methodological Implications.” Infant Behavior
and Development 16 (1): 69–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/0163-6383(93)80029-8.
Bertrand, M., and S. Mullainathan. 2003. “Are
Emily and Greg More Employable than Lakisha and Jamal? A Field
Experiment on Labor Market Discrimination.” https://doi.org/10.3386/w9873.
Böttiger, B. W., C. Bode, S. Kern, A. Gries, R. Gust, R. Glätzer, H.
Bauer, J. Motsch, and E. Martin. 2001. “Efficacy and Safety of
Thrombolytic Therapy After Initially Unsuccessful Cardiopulmonary
Resuscitation: A Prospective Clinical Trial.” The Lancet
357 (9268): 1583–85.
Bucciol, Alessandro, and Marco Piovesan. 2011. “Luck or Cheating?
A Field Experiment on Honesty with Children.” Journal of
Economic Psychology 32 (1): 73–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2010.12.001.
CDC. 2008. “Perceived Insufficient Rest or Sleep Among Adults –
United States, 2008.” http://www.openintro.org/redirect.php?go=textbook-Perceived_Insufficient_Rest_or_Sleep_Among_Adults.
———. 2018. “2018 Assisted Reproductive Technology Fertility Clinic
Success Rates Report.” https://www.cdc.gov/art/pdf/2018-report/ART-2018-Clinic-Report-Full.pdf.
Chance, B., and A. Rossman. 2018. Investigating
Statistical Concepts, Applications, and Methods. http://www.rossmanchance.com/iscam3/.
Chimowitz, M. I., M. J. Lynn, C. P. Derdeyn, T. N. Turan, D. Fiorella,
B. F. Lane, L. S. Janis, et al. 2011. “Stenting Versus Aggressive
Medical Therapy for Intracranial Arterial Stenosis.” New
England Journal of Medicine 365 (11): 993–1003. http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1105335.
Conner, T. S., K. L. Brookie, A. C. Carr, L. A. Mainvil, and M. CM.
Vissers. 2017. “Let Them Eat Fruit! The Effect of Fruit and
Vegetable Consumption on Psychological Well-Being in Young Adults: A
Randomized Controlled Trial.” PloS One 12 (2). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0171206.
Datoo, M. S., M. H. Natama, A. Somé, O. Traoré, T. Rouamba, D. Bellamy,
P. Yameogo, et al. 2021. “High Efficacy of a Low Dose Candidate
Malaria Vaccine, R21 in 1 Adjuvant Matrix-mTM, with
Seasonal Administration to Children in Burkina Faso.” The
Lancet. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00943-0.
Demos. 2011. “The State of Young America: The Poll.” http://www.openintro.org/redirect.php?go=textbook-young_americans_2011_extra.
Ellis, G. J., and L. H. Stone. 1979. “Marijuana Use in College:"
an Evaluation of a Modeling Explanation".” Youth and
Society 10 (4): 323.
FiveThirtyEight. 2015. http://www.openintro.org/redirect.php?go=textbook-fivethirtyeight-scary-movies.
Frederick, S., N. Novemsky, J. Wang, R. Dhar, and S. Nowlis. 2009.
“Opportunity Cost Neglect.” Journal of Consumer
Research 36 (4): 553–61.
Gallup. 2012. http://www.openintro.org/redirect.php?go=textbook-employed_americans_in_better_health_2012.
Gallup. 2021a. “Half of College Students Say COVID-19 May Impact
Completion.” https://www.openintro.org/go?id=textbook-gallup-2021-covid-college-impact.
———. 2021b. “U.s. Support for Vaccination Proof Varies by
Activity, Data Collected in April 2021.” https://www.openintro.org/go?id=textbook-gallup-2021-vaccine-proof.
Garbutt, J. M., C. Banister, E. Spitznagel, and J. F. Piccirillo. 2012.
“Amoxicillin for Acute Rhinosinusitis: A Randomized Controlled
Trial.” JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical
Association 307 (7): 685–92. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2012.138.
Gneezy, Uri, and Aldo Rustichini. 2000. “A Fine Is a
Price.” The Journal of Legal Studies 29 (1): 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1086/468061.
Gorman, K. B., T. D. Williams, and W. R. Fraser. 2014a. “Ecological sexual dimorphism and environmental
variability within a community of Antarctic penguins (genus
Pygoscelis).” PloS One 9 (3): e90081. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0090081.
———. 2014b. “Ecological Sexual Dimorphism and Environmental
Variability Within a Community of Antarctic Penguins (Genus
Pygoscelis).” PLoS ONE 9(3) (e90081): –13. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0090081.
Graham, D. J., R. Ouellet-Hellstrom, T. E. MaCurdy, F. Ali, C. Sholley,
C. Worrall, and J. A. Kelman. 2010. “Risk of Acute Myocardial
Infarction, Stroke, Heart Failure, and Death in Elderly Medicare
Patients Treated with Rosiglitazone or Pioglitazone.”
JAMA 304 (4): 411. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2010.920.
Hand, D. J. 1994. A handbook of small data
sets. Chapman & Hall/CRC.
Hayden, R. W. 2019. “Questionable Claims for Simple Versions of
the Bootstrap.” Journal of Statistics Education 27 (3):
208–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/10691898.2019.1669507.
Heinz, G., L. J. Peterson, R. W. Johnson, and C. J. Kerk. 2003.
“Exploring Relationships in Body Dimensions.” Journal
of Statistics Education 11 (2). http://www.openintro.org/redirect.php?go=textbook-body_dim_2003.
Hepler, J., and D. Albarracı́n. 2013. “Attitudes Without Objects:
Evidence for a Dispositional Attitude, Its Measurement, and Its
Consequences.” Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology 104 (6): 1060. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0032282.
Hesterberg, T. C. 2015. “What Teachers Should Know about the
Bootstrap: Resampling in the Undergraduate Statistics
Curriculum.” The American Statistician 69 (4): 371–86.
https://doi.org/10.1080/00031305.2015.1089789.
ICPSR. 2014. “United States Department of Health and Human
Services. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Center
for Health Statistics. Natality Detail File, 2014 United States.
Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research,
2016-10-07.” https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR36461.v1.
Kaiser Family Foundation. 2019. https://www.openintro.org/go?id=textbook-kff-2019-expand-aca-coverage.
King, C., J. Suamani, N. Sanuku, Y.-C. Cheng, S. Satofan, B. Mancuso, C.
W. Goss, et al. 2018. “A Trial of a Triple-Drug Treatment for
Lymphatic Filariasis.” New England Journal of Medicine
379: 1801–10. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1706854.
Latter, O. H. 1902. “The Egg of Cuculus Canorus. An Enquiry into
the Dimensions of the Cuckoo’s Egg and the Relation of the Variations to
the Size of the Eggs of the Foster-Parent, with Notes on
Coloration.” Biometrika 1: 164–76. https://doi.org/10.2307/2331486.
Legaki, Nikoletta-Zampeta, Nannan Xi, Juho Hamari, Kostas Karpouzis, and
Vassilios Assimakopoulos. 2020. “The Effect of Challenge-Based
Gamification on Learning: An Experiment in the Context of Statistics
Education.” International Journal of Human-Computer
Studies 144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2020.102496.
Lo Sasso, A. T., M. R. Richards, C. F. Chou, and S. E. Gerber. 2011.
“The $16,819 Pay Gap for Newly Trained Physicians: The Unexplained
Trend of Men Earning More Than Women.” Health Affairs 30
(2). https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2010.0597.
Lockman, S., R. L. Shapiro, L. M. Smeaton, C. Wester, I. Thior, L.
Stevens, F. Chand, et al. 2007. “Response to Antiretroviral
Therapy After a Single, Peripartum Dose of Nevirapine.” New
England Journal of Medicine 356 (2): 135–47. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa062876.
Lucas, M., F. Mirzaei, A. Pan, O. I. Okereke, W. C. Willett, E. J.
O’Reilly, K. Koenen, and A. Ascherio. 2011. “Coffee, Caffeine, and
Risk of Depression Among Women.” Archives of Internal
Medicine 171 (17): 1571. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2011.393.
Malkevitch, J., and L. M. Lesser. 2008. For All Practical Purposes:
Mathematical Literacy in Today’s World. WH Freeman & Co.
Manson, J. E., N. R. Cook, I-M. Lee, W. Christen, S. S. Bassuk, S. Mora,
H. Gibson, et al. 2019. “Marine n-3 Fatty Acids and Prevention of
Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer.” New England Journal of
Medicine 380 (1): 23–32. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1811403.
McNeil, D. R. 1977. “Interactive Data Analysis: A Practical
Primer.”
Ménard, C., A. A. Hagège, O. Agbulut, M. Barro, M. C. Morichetti, C.
Brasselet, A. Bel, et al. 2005. “Transplantation of
Cardiac-Committed Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells to Infarcted Sheep
Myocardium: A Preclinical Study.” The Lancet 366 (9490):
1005–12.
Mortada, WI, MA Sobh, MM El-Defrawy, and SE Farahat. 2000. “Study
of Lead Exposure from Automobile Exhaust as a Risk for Nephrotoxicity
Among Traffic Policemen.” American Journal of Nephrology
21 (4): 274–79. https://doi.org/10.1159/000046261.
National Sleep Foundation. 2012. http://www.openintro.org/redirect.php?go=textbook-trans_workers_sleep_2012.
Nieman, D. C., E. J. Cayea, M. D. Austin, D. A. Henson, S. R. McAnulty,
and F. Jin. 2009. “Chia Seed Does Not Promote Weight Loss or Alter
Disease Risk Factors in Overweight Adults.” Nutrition
Research 29 (6): 414–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2009.05.011.
Nightingale, Florence. 1859. Notes on Nursing: What It Is, and What
It Is Not. Harrison & Sons.
NOAA. 2023. “Climate Data Online.” http://www.openintro.org/redirect.php?go=textbook-noaa_1948_2018.
———. 2016. “Data Explorer - Government Resp to Promote Gender
Equality.” https://www.openintro.org/go?id=textbook-gssdataexplorer-marijuana-gender-equality.
———. 2022. “Data Explorer - Should Marijuana Be Made
Legal.” https://www.openintro.org/go?id=textbook-gssdataexplorer-marijuana-legal.
Nuñez, J. R., C. R. Anderton, and R. S. Renslow. 2018. “Optimizing
Colormaps with Consideration for Color Vision Deficiency to Enable
Accurate Interpretation of Scientific Data.” PloS One 13
(7). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0199239.
O’Connor, A. 2011. “Coffee Drinking Linked to Less Depression in
Women.” New York Times. http://www.openintro.org/redirect.php?go=textbook-coffee_depression_2011.
Oldham-Cooper, R. E., C. A. Hardman, C. E. Nicoll, P. J. Rogers, and J.
M. Brunstrom. 2011. “Playing a Computer Game During Lunch Affects
Fullness, Memory for Lunch, and Later Snack Intake.” The
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 93 (2): 308. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.110.004580.
Orben, A., and A. K. Baukney-Przybylski. 2018. “Screens, Teens and
Psychological Well-Being: Evidence from Three Time-Use Diary
Studies.” Psychological Science. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797619830329.
Othman, S., N. Hassan, and A. Mohamed. 2023. “Effectiveness of
Mindfulness-Based Interventions on Burnout and Self-Compassion Among
Critical Care Nurses Caring for Patients with COVID-19: A
Quasi-Experimental Study.” BMC Nursing 22: 35.
Parker-Pope, T. 2011. “The School Bully Is Sleepy.”
New York Times. http://www.openintro.org/redirect.php?go=textbook-school_bully_sleepy_2011.
Pew Research Center. 2011. “Is College Worth It?, Data Collected
March 15-29, 2011.” http://www.openintro.org/redirect.php?go=textbook-college_worth_it_2011.
———. 2013. “The Diagnosis Difference.” https://www.openintro.org/go?id=textbook-pew-2013-diagnosis-difference.
———. 2018. “A Majority of Teens Have Experienced Some Form of
Cyberbullying, Data Collected March 7 - April 10, 2018.” https://www.openintro.org/go?id=textbook-pew-2018-cyberbullying.
———. 2021a. “How Americans’ Attitudes about Climate Change Differ
by Generation, Party and Other Factors, Data Collected April 20 to 29,
2021.” https://www.openintro.org/go?id=textbook-pew-2021-climate-change.
———. 2021b. “The State of Online Harassment, Data Collected
September 8 - 13, 2020.” https://www.openintro.org/go?id=textbook-pew-2021-online-harassment.
Pfizer. 2021. “Pfizer-Biontech Announce Positive Topline Results
of Pivotal Covid-19 Vaccine Study in Adolescents.” https://www.openintro.org/go?id=textbook-pfizer-2021-adolescent-covid-vaccine.
Pierson, Emma, Camelia Simoiu, Jan Overgoor, Sam Corbett-Davies, Daniel
Jenson, Amy Shoemaker, Vignesh Ramachandran, et al. 2020. “A
Large-Scale Analysis of Racial Disparities in Police Stops Across the
United States.” Nature Human Behaviour 4 (7): 736–45. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-020-0858-1.
Piff, P. K., D. M. Stancato, S. Côté, R. Mendoza-Denton, and D. Keltner.
2012. “Higher Social Class Predicts Increased Unethical
Behavior.” Proceedings of the National Academy of
Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1118373109.
Poll, Marist. 2011. “Road Rules: Re-Testing Drivers at Age 65?,
March 4, 2011.” http://www.openintro.org/redirect.php?go=textbook-drivers_at_65_2011.
Polling, Public Policy. 2015. “Americans on College Degrees,
Classic Literature, the Seasons, and More, Data Collected Feb 20-22,
2015.” http://www.openintro.org/redirect.php?go=textbook-PPP_30215.
Rabin, R. C. 2010. “Risks: Smokers Found More Prone to
Dementia.” New York Times. http://www.openintro.org/redirect.php?go=textbook-nytimes_smoking_dementia.
Ramsey, F., and D. Schafer. 2012. The Statistical Sleuth. 3rd
ed. Cengage Learning.
Rao, M., L. Bar, Y. Yu, M. Srinivasan, A. Mukherjea, J. Li, S. Chung, S.
Venkatraman, S. Dan, and L. Palaniappan. 2021. “Disaggregating
Asian American Cigarette and Alternative Tobacco Product Use: Results
from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) 2006–2018.”
Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40615-021-01024-5.
Ritz, B., F. Yu, G. Chapa, and S. Fruin. 2000. “Effect of Air
Pollution on Preterm Birth Among Children Born in Southern California
Between 1989 and 1993.” Epidemiology 11 (5): 502–11. http://www.jstor.org/stable/3703990.
Rosen, B., and T. H. Jerdee. 1974. “Influence of Sex Role
Stereotypes on Personnel Decisions.” Journal of Applied
Psychology 59 (1): 9. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.1037/h0035834.
Rubio-Fernandez, P., F. Mollica, and J. Jara-Ettinger. 2021.
“Speakers and Listeners Exploit Word Order for Communicative
Efficiency: A Cross-Linguistic Investigation.” Journal of
Experimental Psychology: General 150 (3): 583–94. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000963.
Scanlon, T. J., R. N. Luben, F. L. Scanlon, and N. Singleton. 1993.
“Is Friday the 13th Bad for Your Health?” British
Medical Journal 307: 1584–86. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.307.6919.1584.
Smith, G. E., P. A. Chouinard, and S. Byosiere. 2021. “If i Fits i
Sits: A Citizen Science Investigation into Illusory Contour
Susceptibility in Domestic Cats (Felis Silvestris
Catus).” Applied Animal Behaviour Science
240. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2021.105338.
Spear, M. E. 1952. Charting Statistics. McGraw Hill Book
Compay, Inc.
Survey USA. 2012. “News Poll 19333, Data Collected on June 27,
2012.” http://www.openintro.org/redirect.php?go=textbook-SurveyUSA_19333.
Turnbull, B., B. Brown, and M. Hu. 1974. “Survivorship of Heart
Transplant Data.” Journal of the American Statistical
Association 69: 74–80. https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1974.10480130.
UNC Carolina Population Center. 2006. “China Health and Nutrition
Survey, 2006.” http://www.openintro.org/redirect.php?go=textbook-china_health_nut_survey_2006.
US Census Bureau. 2010. “2010 Census Urban and Rural
Classification and Urban Area Criteria Housing Characteristics.”
http://www.openintro.org/redirect.php?go=textbook-housing_char_2010.
US DOE EPA. 2021. “Fuel Economy, 2021 Data
File.” https://www.openintro.org/go?id=textbook-fueleconomy-2021.
Vaughn, A. 2011. “Poll Finds Young Adults Optimistic, but Not
about Money.” Los Angeles Times. http://www.openintro.org/redirect.php?go=textbook-young_americans_2011.
Washington Post. 2020. “Washington Post-Schar School National
Poll, Data Collected June 2-7, 2020.” http://www.openintro.org/redirect.php?go=exercise-wapo-2020-blm-poll.
Wickham, H. 2014. “Tidy Data.” Journal of Statistical
Software 59 (10). https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v059.i10.
———. 2016. ggplot2: Elegant Graphics for
Data Analysis. Springer-Verlag New York. https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org.
Witmer, J. 2021. “Simpson’s Paradox, Visual Displays, and Causal
Diagrams.” The American Mathematical Monthly 128 (7):
598–610. https://doi.org/10.1080/00029890.2021.1932237.
You, W., R. Henneberg, A. Saniotis, Y. Ge, and M. Henneberg. 2022.
“Total Meat Intake Is Associated with Life Expectancy: A
Cross-Sectional Data Analysis of 175 Contemporary Populations.”
International Journal of General Medicine 15: 1833–51.
YouGov. 2021. “Do You Think the Coronavirus Will End up Bringing
the World Closer Together, or Leave Us Further Apart?” https://www.openintro.org/go?id=textbook-yougov-2021-covid.